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Types of Coffee Beans Behind every cup of coffee that we drink there are beans that have been carefully graded. These beans are graded based on the size, color and shape. The AA rating is given to coffee beans that meet the above criteria, with the exception that they must not contain more than three defects (quakers). Most often, these are Kenya AA beans. Arabica Arabica coffee beans are also known as Coffea Arabicica and are the most popular bean in the entire world. According to legend, coffee was discovered by a goatherder in Ethiopia after he noticed that his livestock had more energy when they consumed the fruit of the plant. This led him to experiment with roasting the seeds and brewing them, which resulted in the beverage that we love today. There are many different types of coffee plants, but only two are used in the production of our top brews, robusta and arabica. The taste of the final beverage is typically better with the former. There are a variety of different cultivars of arabica, each every one having their own distinct flavour profile. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most sought-after arabica cultivars. All other arabica varieties were developed from these two varieties, either through natural mutations or through deliberate crossbreeding. The SL28 cultivar, for example was created in Kenya by Scott Labs and is known for its distinctive chocolate taste. The flavour of a given arabica variety will vary based on the environmental conditions in which it is grown, and also on how it is handled and cooked. The type of shade that the tree gets can have a significant effect on the final product. Robusta Robusta coffee beans, also known as coffee canephora, are the second most used variety of coffee. They are the beans used in the majority of instant drinks and have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They are also used in many espresso blends, specifically for cappuccino and caffe latte. Coffea Canephora is a plant which was discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa. It has been cultivated across the world since. It can thrive at lower elevations, and can withstand higher temperatures than Arabica coffee plants, making it more convenient for farmers. Vietnam is the largest producer of robusta, followed by Brazil and Indonesia. Although the robusta plant has its merits but it's not as loved by cupping aficionados for its bitter taste and burnt rubber notes. It is often considered to be a lower quality coffee and the majority of large coffee companies employ arabica beans for their top quality products. The demand for gourmet coffees is increasing and small roasters are exploring to take advantage its superior qualities. Our Valhalla Java coffee and Death With Coffee coffee are two examples. Both are excellent robustas that are blended with arabica for the perfect balance of flavor and strength. These beans are from Uganda which is a nation where robusta is a staple of the coffee industry for many years. Learn more about these coffees. Liberica Liberica coffee beans are rare and are not used in the world. They make up less than 2 percent of the world's total consumption of coffee beans and are often overlooked as they don't contain the same amount of caffeine. These beans have a distinct taste that many coffee drinkers find irresistible. Despite their rarity, Liberica coffee beans are still very popular in many parts of Asia. Coffeee are most prevalent in Malaysia and Indonesia where there is a huge Muslim community. In these countries the coffee industry has been strong for many years. The consumption of a cup of coffee after prayers is a part of their customs. Liberica coffee's roots go back to the 1890s after a worldwide epidemic caused by coffee leaf rust destroyed the arabica crop. This triggered coffee producers to discover a more resilient species that could thrive in tropical climates, and they soon discovered the Liberica plant. Liberica plants are resistant to disease and pests which makes them an ideal alternative to the ruined arabica crop. Liberica also has the capacity to grow in hot temperatures and lower altitudes, which allowed it to thrive in the climate of Southeast Asia. This is why today, most of the coffee produced in the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia comes from Liberica beans. Excelsa While it's not usual for coffee drinkers to see excelsa beans in their cups, these unique beans are beginning to gain recognition for their distinctive flavor. According to Komal Sable, a fifth generation coffee farmer at South India Coffee Co., these beans are “a variant of the liberica species with the same teardrop shape, but a smaller size.” However despite this resemblance to the family it's important to understand that excelsa is technically not a separate species. It's not clear how to categorize excelsa beans. This confusion is largely responsible for the absence of their presence in the modern coffee world. Many roasters, growers, and brewers don't know how to properly cultivate and utilize these beans. In the end, it's entirely up to the individual to determine whether they like the flavor of the coffee excelsa and it may take a amount of time to find a blend that matches their preferences. It's essential to be open and test every type of coffee until you discover the one you love. You'll get to explore the full range of possibilities these unique beans offer. It's a journey worth the ride.